On the Final Exam you should be able to answer multiple choice questions about the items on this Study Guide plus the Study Guide for chs. 5 and 10 in COD.

Ch. 2.
4. The four principles of procedural democracy.
5. Majoritarian, pluralist, and elite models

Ch. 3
6. The failure of the Articles of Confederation.
7. The main features of the Virginia and New Jersey plans and the major compromises made by the delegates to the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention.
8. The four basic principles underlying the Constitution.
9. The formal and informal processes of constitutional change.

Ch. 2 TPT
10. The features of federalism and the basic relationship between the US and Texas Constitutions.
11. The historical development of the Texas Constitution including failed attempts at revision.

Ch. 15
12. The purpose of the US Bill of Rights.
13. How the US Bill of Rights has been applied as restrictions on state and local governments.
14. How the "establishment" clause of the First Amendment has been interpreted in cases involving aid to church-related schools, prayer in public schools, and nativity displays on public property.
15. How the "free exercise" clause of the First Amendment has been applied to the issues of working on the Sabbath and the use of drugs as a sacrament.
16. The major exceptions to the First Amendment's protection of freedom of speech.
17. Prior restraint, libel, and censorship as possible limitations on press freedom in the US.
18. Where the Court found the right to privacy in the Constitution and how the right has been applied in cases involving abortion, birth control, and homosexuality.
19. The Court's interpretations of the rights of criminal suspects based on the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments.

Ch. 16
20. The purpose of the Civil War Amendments to the Constitution.
21. Why the Civil War Amendments proved ineffective in ensuring racial equality.
22. The tactics of the Civil Rights Movement.
23. The provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
24. The purpose of affirmative action.
25. How affirmative action programs have led to charges of reverse discrimination.

Ch. 5
26. The difference between the majoritarian and pluralist models of democracy in their assumptions about public opinion.
27. The agents of early political socialization and their impact on individuals.
28. The methods used by public opinion pollsters ( found on p. 138).
29. The influence of social and demographic characteristics (such as education, income, ethnicity, region, religion, and so forth) on political values.

Ch. 10
30. James Madison’s analysis of factions/interests groups: origin, effects, control of them.
31. The five benefits to our political system from interest groups.
32. Who do interest groups represent?
33. The major resources of interest groups: members, lobbyists, PAC’s and the issues surrounding them.
34. The tactics used by lobbyists to convince policymakers that their views are best for the country.